Why Breaking China’s Rare Earth Monopoly is Surprisingly Difficult

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China’s recently announced restrictions on rare earth element trade has once again highlighted the dominance they have within the industry. So in this video, we’ll explain what these elements are, why they’re important and why this annoys Trump so much.

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China new trade restrictions
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-10-09/how-china-s-rare-earths-dominance-is-leverage-in-trump-s-trade-war 
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/10/09/business/china-rare-earth-exports.html 
https://www.ft.com/content/15a957a7-104e-431a-807e-441e5c2c753f 
https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-tightens-rare-earth-export-controls-2025-10-09/ 
https://www.ft.com/content/c4b2c5d9-c82f-401e-b763-bc9581019cb7 

Rare earths explained 
https://www.americangeosciences.org/critical-issues/faq/what-are-rare-earth-elements-and-why-are-they-important 
https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3078/pdf/fs2014-3078.pdf 
https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5220/ 
https://irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Technical-Papers/IRENA_Rare_Earth_Elements_2022.pdf 

Ed Conway substack on Rare earths
https://edconway.substack.com/p/the-rare-earths-crisis-and-what-it 

Copper production data
https://www.statista.com/statistics/254839/copper-production-by-country/ 

Ultrapure dysprosium
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/10/09/business/china-rare-earth-exports.html 

Podcasts on rare earths
https://www.sinicapodcast.com/p/julie-klinger-on-chinas-rare-earth-cf1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4LVJFeFVwQ 

Difficulties in rebuilding capacity
https://resourceworld.com/u-s-rare-earth-policy-too-little-and-35-years-too-late/

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